Congregation Beth Ha'Mashiach
(House of the Messiah) - Worshipping ADONAI
& His Messiah, Yeshua Ha'Mashiach
Living & teaching as our
Messiah taught us to Live
Messianic
Congregation serving Northeast Atlanta Georgia (Gwinnett, Barrow, Dekalb,
Rockdale, Walton)
Phone 770
554-2867 - email:
rabbi@cbhm.org
Messianic Congregation located
in Metro Atlanta serving Snellville, Lawrenceville, Loganville, Georgia
Glossary of Messianic / Jewish Terms
10 - B
10 Commandments - Judaism teaches that
G-d gave 613 commandments, not ten. The biblical passage known
as the "Ten Commandments" is known to Jews as the Aseret ha-Dibrot,
the Ten Declarations, and is considered to be ten categories of
commandments, rather than ten individual commandments.
13 Principles of Faith - The most widely
accepted list of Jewish beliefs, compiled by Rambam.
613 Commandments -
Judaism teaches that G-d gave the Jews 613 commandments, which are
binding on Jews but not on non-Jews.
A
Aharon - Brother of Moses.
Founder of the priesthood, and the first Kohein Gadol (High Priest).
He helped Moses lead the Children of Israel out of Egyptian bondage.
Avraham (Avram) - The first Jew, the
founder of Judaism, the physical and spiritual ancestor of the
Jewish people. One of the three Patriarchs of Judaism.
Adar - The twelfth month of
the Jewish year, occurring in February/March.
Afikomen - From Greek meaning
"dessert." A half piece of matzah set aside during the Passover
Seder, which is later hidden by children and then ransomed by
parents, or hidden by parents and found by children. It is eaten as
the last part of the meal. Symbolic of the Death, Burial
and Resurrection of Messiah.
Akiba - One of the greatest
rabbis recorded in the Talmud. Lived 2nd century, named Bar
Kochba to be Messiah.
Alefbet - The Hebrew alphabet.
The name is derived from the first two letters of the alefbet.
Aliyah - Lit. ascension.
1) Reading from the Torah; (or reciting a blessing over the reading)
during services, which is considered an honor (generally referred to
in English as having or getting an aliyah and pronounced uh-LEE-uh).
2) Immigrating to Israel (generally referred to in English as making
aliyah and pronounced ah-lee-AH).
Amidah - Lit. standing. A
prayer that is the center of any Jewish religious service. Also
known as the Shemoneh Esrei or the Tefilah.
Antiochus - Greek ruler in control
of Judea who prohibited practice of Judaism in the 2nd century bce.
The villain of the story of Chanukah.
Anti-Semitism - The term
"anti-Semitism" comes from the roots "anti" (against) and "Semite"
(a term that applies to both Hebrews and Arabs). However, the word
"anti-Semitism" is used specifically to refer to hatred of Jews and
Judaism. Although the Holocaust is the best-known example of
anti-Semitism, it is only the latest in a long and tragic history of
expulsions, forced conversions, limitations of civil and political
rights, lies and slanders such as the infamous Blood Libel and mass
murders like the Russian pogroms and the mob violence incidental to
the Crusades.
Arba Minim -Four species.
Fruit and branches used to fulfill the commandment to "rejoice
before the L-rd" during Sukkot.
Ark - English
for of aron kodesh, lit., holy chest. The cabinet where the Torah
scrolls are kept.
Aron Kodesh - Holy chest.
The cabinet where the Torah scrolls are kept.
Asher - 1.) Son of Jacob
(Israel). Ancestor of one of the tribes of Israel; 2) The tribe that
bears his name.
Ashkenazic Jews - Jews from eastern
France, Germany and Eastern Europe, and their descendants. Most Jews
in America are Ashkenazic.
Ashkenazic - Ashkenazic Jews pronounced some Hebrew sounds differently than
Sephardic Jews. The Sephardic pronunciation of Hebrew is
increasingly becoming the norm, because it is the pronunciation used
in Israel. However, you will still hear Ashkenazic pronunciations in
many Orthodox communities and among older Jews.
Av - The fifth month of the
Jewish year, occurring in July/August.
B
Ba'al Shem Tov - Lit. Master of the
Good Name. Rabbi Israel ben Eliezer. The founder of Chasidic
Judaism.
Balfour Declaration - British
foreign secretary Lord Balfour letter expressing the
British government’s commitment to creating a Jewish state in
Palestine.
Bar Kokhba - Aramaic: Son of a
Star. Real name was Simeon ben Kosiba (meaning Son of a liar), the leader of the last and most successful
Jewish rebellion against Rome in 132-135 C.E. He died in battle when
the rebellion was defeated. Rabbi Akiba declared he was the Moshiach
(Messiah).
Bar Mitzvah - Lit. son of
the commandment. A male who has achieved the age of 13 and is
consequently obligated to observe the Mitzvah (commandments). A
ceremony marking the fact that a male has achieved the age of
maturity.
Bat Mitzvah - Lit. daughter of the
commandment. A girl who has achieved the age of 12 and is
consequently obligated to observe the commandments. Also, a ceremony
marking the fact that a girl has achieved this age.
B.C.E. - Before the Common Era.
Used instead of BC.
Beginning of Day - A day on the Jewish
calendar begins at sunset. When a date is given for a Jewish
holiday, the holiday actually begins at sundown on the preceding
day.
Beit Hillel - Lit. House of Hillel.
A school of thought during the Talmudic period, generally contrasted
with the stricter, more legalistic views of Beit Shammai.
Beit Knesset - Lit. house of
assembly. A Hebrew term for a synagogue.
Beit Midrash - Lit. house of study. A
place set aside for study of sacred texts such as the Torah and the
Talmud, generally a part of the synagogue.
Beit Shammai - Lit. House of Shammai.
A school of thought during the Talmudic period, generally contrasted
with the more lenient, humanistic views of Beit Hillel.
Benjamin - 1) Son of Jacob
(Israel). Ancestor of one of the tribes of Israel; 2) The tribe that
bears his name.
Berakhah - A blessing. A prayer
beginning with the phrase "barukh atah..." (blessed art Thou...).
Betrothal - The first part of the
two-part process of Jewish marriage, which creates the legal
relationship without the mutual obligations. In Hebrew, it is called
"kiddushin.
Bible - Also referred to as
the Tanakh. The Jewish Bible more or less corresponds to what
non-Jews call the "Old Testament." Messianic Jew's
believe in both the Tanakh & the B'rit Chadasha (New Testament).
Bimah - The pedestal on which
the Torah scrolls are placed when they are being read in the
synagogue; i.e., the pulpit.
Birkat Ha-Mazon - Lit. blessing of the
food. Grace after meals. The recitation of birkat ha-mazon is
commonly referred to as bentsching.
Blessing - A prayer beginning
with the phrase "barukh atah..." (blessed art Thou...).
B'nai Mitzvah - Lit. children of the
commandment. Plural of Bar Mitzvah. Children who have achieved the
age of 13 and are consequently obligated to observe the
commandments. Also, a ceremony marking the fact that children have
achieved this age.
B'nei Noach - A movement of non-Jews
who have consciously accepted the responsibility of following the
Seven Laws of Noah.
Brit Milah - Lit. covenant of
circumcision. The ritual circumcision of a male Jewish child on the
8th day of his life or of a male convert to Judaism. Frequently
referred to as a bris.
Burnt Offering - A type of sacrifice
that represented complete submission to G-d's will. It was
completely consumed by fire on the altar. In Hebrew, it was called
an olah.
